The world we live in and interact with is well described by the three laws of motion discovered by Sir Isaac Newton in the seventeenth century. These laws together with their applications form the basis Newtonian physics which brought to a grand crescendo the work begun by Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. Newton is without doubt one of history’s greatest geniuses for showing that the heavens obeyed the same physical laws as mundane earthly phenomena. About a hundred years after he published his work in the Principia, his ideas were reformulated first by Joseph-Louis Lagrange and later by William Rowan Hamilton. It is the work of these three men that the subject of classical mechanics is based on. Using classical mechanics one can model, explain and predict the behavior of a wide variety of objects with great precision. Such objects may include a baseball flying through the air, a child jumping on a trampoline, a raindrop descending from storm clouds, a tow truck pulling a car uphill, a ball bouncing off the cushion of a billiards table, a satellite tumbling in space after its orbit has decayed and so on. Classical mechanics can also handle the motion of astronomical bodies such as moons orbiting around a planet, planets orbiting around stars, stars orbiting around the center of a galaxy or two black holes orbiting each other. Classical mechanics implies that the entire future of the universe is predictable if one can know the state of every particle and has a staggering amount of computational power. In the past philosophers used to debate the implications of this and whether it meant we have no more free will than a stone that falls towards the earth. Then in the early decades of the twentieth century it was shown that classical mechanics is only an approximate theory that breaks down completely when velocities approach that of light or the size of the object involved becomes subatomic. In the first instance classical mechanics is replaced by Einstein’s special theory of relativity and in the second by Quantum Mechanics. Finally for objects that are both subatomic and moving near the speed of light we need to use a special amalgam of special relativity and quantum mechanics this is called relativistic quantum mechanics. Despite all this classical mechanics remains a highly relevant subject today.